We can create Directory in Linux with the use of mkdir command.

mkdir - Make Directory

1. To create a directory. Run mkdir command

# mkdir dir name

ex- #mkdir d1 D1 is the dir name.

1. To create multiple directories

#mkdir d2 d3 d4

1. To change a directory from the current directory:-

#cd <dir name>

ex- cd d1

1. To recursively created directories:-

#mkdir -p india/blr

1. To go back to one directory up:

#cd ..

1. To go back directly to a home directory of the current user from any location in the system:

#cd

1. Create the hidden file or dir:-

#touch .f1

#mkdir .d5

1. To check hidden files #ls -a

1. To copy file

   #cp source destination

   #cp f3 f4

   #cat f4 - Here you will see f3 content.

1. To Move file or dir:-

   #mv source destination - cut and paste

   #mv f1 d1

   #mv d1 d2

1. Rename File or Dir.

   #mv oldname newname

   #mv f4 newf4

1. Remove file or Dir.

   rmdir remove specified dir (empty)

   rmdir -p remove both parent and child dir

   rm -rf remove even non-empty files and dir

   rm -r remove empty dir

   rm -rp removes non-empty dir including parent & subdirectory

   -r = remove

   -rf = remove forcefully

   

Using the command line to get help:-

#whatis - one line output

#man - All details about the command

#apropos - all commands in a system that contain a specific keyword

ex- #whatis date

#man touch

SHELL in Linux:-

-The shell is the Linux command line interpreter. It provides an interface between the user and the kernel and executes programs called commands.

-For example, if a user enters ls then the shell executes the ls command.

- Shell types:-

Bourne shell (sh)

c shell (csh)

Korn shell (ksh)

z shell (ssh)

Bourne again shell (BASH).

- To check shell type:

#echo $SHELL

- Command Alias:

#alias dt=date

#alias dir=mkdir

#alias ip=ifconfig